Types of Wine

There are two fundamental types of wine based on grape color -- red (from red or black grapes) and white (from white grapes). Grapes of these different colors can have hundreds of varieties, which is why types of wine are so numerous on store shelves. Consumers are the most familiar with names given to the different varieties of grapes. The grape variety is the most important factor in how the wine will taste.

The most popular red types of wine are cabernet sauvignon. Connoisseurs will tell you that the best cabernet sauvignon types of wine come from the Bordeaux region of France. Merlot is another red wine that holds flavors of chocolate and cherry. Grenache is a red wine derived from grapes that hold a raspberry and/or "smoky" flavor. Pinot Noir is a red wine that is very important to the Burgundy region of France. It is difficult to cultivate, but when done right, it gives hints of mint, raspberries, and black cherries. Zinfandel is a very popular red wine that comes from Europe but is grown mostly in California.

The most-purchased white types of wine are chardonnays. Chardonnay contains fruity tastes mixed in with hints of vanilla. The most cultivated white types of wine in California are Chenin Blancs. This grape is an inexpensive alternative to chardonnay, and has hints of fruit in its taste. Pinot Blanc is often compared to chardonnay, containing tastes of apple and spice when you drink it. Pinot Gris hails from Oregon and is rich in spice flavors. Riesling is grown predominantly in Germany, and has a fruity taste. Semillon contains a peachy flavor and is inexpensive to produce. White Zinfandel is produced in California and has a sweet taste. To produce this wine, red zinfandel grapes have their skins removed during processing, giving a pink end result.